Read this excerpt from the Gettysburg Address by Abraham Lincoln and answer the question.

We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. … But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground.

In the above excerpt, Lincoln’s characterization of the battlefield is accomplished through which method(s)? Select all that apply.

the description of actions taken on it
Lincoln’s opinions about it
the use of metaphor as hallowed ground
the personification of the battlefield as a human, living thing