All cells are surrounded by cell membranes, also called plasma membranes, that separates the cytoplasm from the outside environment.
The plasma membrane, a double layer of lipids that divides the inside of the cell from the outside environment, is present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Phospholipids, a type of specialized lipid, make up the majority of this double layer.
A phospholipid is composed up of two hydrophobic, water-fearing fatty acid tails and a hydrophilic, water-loving phosphate head.
The hydrophobic tails of phospholipids naturally arrange themselves in a double-layered arrangement with their hydrophilic heads facing outward.
Numerous biological membranes include this phospholipid bilayer, a two-layer structure that is energetically advantageous.
Hence, all cells are surrounded by cell membranes, also called plasma membranes, that separates the cytoplasm from the outside environment.
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