The set of criteria used to distinguish cases from non-cases in an outbreak investigation is the case definition.
The term "case definition" refers to a set of criteria used in epidemiology to determine if a person has a disease or other relevant health event. In order to estimate the severity of the disease in a community, a case definition must be established.
In order to monitor the occurrence and spread of disease within a specific area and to conduct outbreak investigations in field epidemiology, case definitions are employed in ongoing public health surveillance. To be easily applied to every member of the population of interest, a case description needs to be clear, straightforward, and succinct.
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