These are the time main reasons why climate change is such a difficult issue on which to generate a global consensus that would lead to stronger cooperation because there is a lag between when emissions occur and when the effects of those emissions are likely to happen, and the short-term pressure to take action is diffuse
geography: those who contribute to the problem are not necessarily those who will suffer the most. That means the incentives to change fall the least hard on those who contribute the most to the problem.
globality/global governance: greenhouse gases don't stay within national boundaries. The problem requires global cooperation. But, countries have very different perspectives on the issue. They are still competing in the global marketplace and don't want new disadvantages.
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