To Prevent reabsorption of water in the distal tubules, the sodium is restricted in a person with hypertension.
- Hormones control sodium reabsorption by stimulating or inhibiting it as needed in the late distal tubule and collecting duct.
- Blood pressure regulation systems are found in the kidney. Stretch receptors in the macula densa alert cells in the juxtaglomerular apparatus to produce renin into circulation when the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decreases.
- Angiotensin, which is produced when renin is changed into another hormone, causes vasoconstriction, primarily in peripheral arterioles, which raises peripheral vascular resistance and, ultimately, blood pressure.
- Additionally, adrenal cortical cells in the zona glomerulosa are stimulated by renin to release aldosterone.
- The distal renal tubules are influenced by aldosterone, which causes them to secrete potassium while increasing sodium reabsorption.
- To maintain pressure, sodium retention causes the vascular system to hold more fluid.
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