water
Water would be the most desirable sacrificial electron donor, however, due to its tremendous stability and extremely low oxidation potential, activating it as an electron donor requires additional energy.
When water is employed as an electron donor during oxygenic photosynthesis, as is the case with cyanobacteria, oxygen is produced as a byproduct. While no oxygen is created during anoxygenic photosynthesis, which occurs in green and purple bacteria, sulfur or thiosulfate is used as the electron donor.
The main distinction between oxygenic photosynthesis and anoxygenic photosynthesis is that during the synthesis of sugar from carbon dioxide and water in oxygenic photosynthesis, molecular oxygen is produced, but during anoxygenic photosynthesis, no oxygen is produced.
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