Restriction enzymes (endonucleases) are produced by bacteria as a means of protection against which infectious agent?

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Restriction endonucleases are components of the bacterial "immune system,". Bacteria cleave unmethylated infecting viral or bacteriophage DNAs at specific locations, inactivating the virus and limiting viral infection. They also methylate their own DNA at specific sites for which they generate a restriction enzyme, protecting it from their own restriction enzymes.

A restriction enzyme is a protein derived from bacteria that cleaves DNA sequences at sequence-specific places, Depending on how many cutting sites for that particular restriction enzyme is present in the DNA, creating DNA fragments with a known sequence at each end.

For several laboratory techniques, such as genetic engineering and recombinant DNA technologies, restriction enzymes are essential.

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