The first stage of the regulator is the part that attaches directly to the cylinder and a regulator second stage is the part in your mouth that you use to breathe.
The first stage reduces the high-pressure air in the tank to an intermediate pressure. However, the air at this intermediate pressure is too high to be breathed directly and requires further reduction.
The regulator second stage is attached to the first stage by a low-pressure hose. It takes the intermediate pressure air from the regulator hose and reduce it to ambient pressure, allowing a diver to breathe from the second stage safely.
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