Under the English common law system, crime was viewed as private harm and victims were required to investigate and prosecute matters themselves under civil law.
The common law kind of legal system was historically pioneered by the criminal justice system in England and Wales. As a result of judgements made in specific cases, England's courts grew and the law changed. Laws and legal standards have been modified by judicial rulings.
This common law is declared by judge and this system is just one of the tools used by organised societies to safeguard individuals' rights and guarantee the survival of the group.
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