When you startle a 4-month-old baby, he throws his arms out, spreads his fingers, then grabs with his fingers and arms. the reaction is known as the Moro reflex.
The baby hears an unfamiliar loud noise and the position of the head suddenly changes; this is an example of the Moro reflex. "One theory suggests that this is an evolutionary response left over from the time when babies had to cling to their mother," Dr. Weltmer says. The Moro reflex was discovered by the Austrian pediatrician Ernst Moro after which it is named. The Moro reflex begins at birth and disappears about two to four months later. The reflex lasts only for a couple of seconds.
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