The population standard deviation of the data set is 1.414.
Standard deviation is used to determine how the values in a group differs from the mean of the values in the group. It is a measure of variation.
Mean = (8 + 9 + 10 + 11 + 12) / 5 = 10
Sum of squared differences: (8 - 10)² + (9 - 10)² + (10 - 10)² + (11 - 10)² + (12 - 10)² = 10
√10/5 = 1.414
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