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If 48.0 g of iodine are reacted with an excess of phosphorus according to the following chemical equation:

2 P(s) + 3 I2(s) → 2 PI3(s)

Calculate the theoretical yield of PI3.

If the actual yield of PI3 is 50.0 g, what is the percentage yield?

Respuesta :

CrystalQueen

Answer:

Theoretical Yield  =  51.9 grams PI₃

Percentage Yield  =  96.3% PI₃

Explanation:

To find the theoretical and percent yield of PI₃, you need to (1) convert grams I₂ to moles I₂ (via molar mass), then (2) convert moles I₂ to moles PI₃ (via mole-to-mole ratio from reaction coefficients), then (3) convert moles PI₃ to grams PI₃ (via molar mass), and then (4) calculate the percent yield. It is important to arrange the ratios/conversions in a way that allows for the cancellation of units. The final answers should have 3 sig figs to match the sig figs of the given values.

Molar Mass (Iâ‚‚): 2(126.90 g/mol)

Molar Mass (Iâ‚‚): 253.8 g/mol

Molar Mass (PI₃): 30.974 g/mol + 3(126.90 g/mol)

Molar Mass (PI₃): 411.674 g/mol

2 P(s) + 3 I₂(s) -----> 2 PI₃(s)

48.0 g I₂            1 mole              2 moles PI₃            411.674 g
---------------  x  -----------------  x  ----------------------  x  ------------------  =  
                         253.8 g               3 moles I₂              1 mole

=  51.9 g PI₃

                                           Actual Yield
Percentage Yield  =  ---------------------------------  x  100%
                                      Theoretical Yield

                                     50.0 g PI₃
Percentage Yield  =  --------------------  x  100%
                                     51.9 g PI₃

Percentage Yield  =  96.3% PI₃


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