Circadian rhythms are biological processes that oscillate with a period of approximately 24 hours. That is, a circadian rhythm is an internal daily biological clock. Blood pressure appears to follow such a rhythm. For a certain individual the average resting blood pressure varies from a maximum of 100 mmHg at 2:00 P.M. to a minimum of 80 mmHg at 2:00 A.M.
Find a sine function of the form f(t) = a sin(ω(t − c)) + b
that models the blood pressure at time t, measured in hours from midnight.

By observation the sine function should be of form P= 90 + 10 sin(ω(t − c)) as it oscillates about 90 and with a factor of 10. Let time be represented by the variable t in hours from 12.00 AM.

At 2:00 P.M. that is t= 14 hours the pressure is 100 mmHg

Substituting it in the equation we get,

100 = 90 + 10 sin(ω(t − c))

10 = 10 sin(ω(14 − c))

1 = sin(ω(14 − c))

ω(14 − c) = π/2 -1)

At 2:00 A.M. that is t= 2 hours the pressure is 80 mmHg

80 = 90 + 10 sin(ω(t − c))

-10 = 10 sin(ω(2 − c))

3π/2 = ω(2 − c) -2)

dividing 2) with 1) we get

3 = (14 − c) /(2 − c)

6 - 3c = 14 - c

2c = -8

c = - 4

Substituting the value of c in 1) we get,

ω(14 − (-4)) = π/2

ω18 = π/2

ω = π/36

Thus the equation becomes P = 90 + 10 sin(π/36(t +4 ))

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