Osmosis can create pressure that is greater than the structural strength of concrete, which can be between 2,000 and 3,000 psi.
It is because concrete is a semi-permeable membrane that the water is attracted to the calcium cations, thus creating osmotic pressure. As a result, the relative humidity (RH) approaching the inside of the concrete wall decreases, while the RH at the concrete regions outside of the wall increases.
Osmotic pressure is defined as the minimum pressure required to stop the flow of solvent molecules via a semi-permeable membrane.
Osmotic pressure is also known as capillary action.
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