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In U.S. clean air and water programs, the federal government establishes quality standards and provides funds, while the states are responsible for implementation. This is an example of cooperative federalism.
More about cooperative federalism:
Cooperative federalism, commonly referred to as marble-cake federalism, is a flexible arrangement whereby the federal and state governments collaborate on a range of topics and initiatives.
A model of intergovernmental interactions called cooperative federalism acknowledges the fact that the national and state governments' roles often overlap. The cooperative model of federalism has three constitutional pillars. First, advocates of cooperative federalism rely on a liberal reading of the Constitution's Supremacy Clause (Article VI).
Second, they assert that the Necessary and Proper Clause (Article 1, Section 8), commonly referred to as the Elastic Clause, permits the national government to enact laws that are necessary for exercising its inherent powers. They also have a limited understanding of the Tenth Amendment.
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