The change in potential energy when it drops from 20 ft is -27.14 J.
The change in potential energy when it drops from 30 ft is -40.71 J J.
The change in kinetic energy when it drops from 30 ft is 40.71 J J.
The speed of the objects when they hit the ground is 13.39 m/s.
Change in potential energy of the nut and bolt
The change in potential energy is calculated as follows;
ΔP.E = P.E(final) = P.E(initial)
ΔP.E = mghf - mghi
ΔP.E = mg(hf - hi)
where;
- hf is the final height = 0 m
- hi is the initial height = 20 ft x 30.5 cm = 610 cm = 6.1 m
- m is mass = 454 g
ΔP.E = (0.454 x 9.8) (0 - 6.1)
ΔP.E = -27.14 J
When it drops from 30 ft
hi = 30 ft x 30.5 cm = 915 cm = 9.15 m
ΔP.E = (0.454 x 9.8) (0 - 9.15)
ΔP.E = -40.71 J
Change in kinetic energy
Apply the principle of conservation of energy.
P.Ei + K.Ei = P.Ef + K.Ef
P.Ei - P.Ef = K.Ef - K.Ei
- (P.Ef - P.Ei) = K.Ef - K.Ei
- ΔP.E = ΔK.E
- (-40.71 J ) = ΔK.E
40.71 J = ΔK.E
Speed of the objects when they hits the ground
v = √2gh
v = √(2 x 9.8 x 9.15)
v = 13.39 m/s
Learn more about conservation of energy here: https://brainly.com/question/166559
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