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Chlorobenzene, C₆H₅Cl, is a key intermediate in the manufacture of dyes and pesticides. It is made by the chlorination of benzene, catalyzed by FeCl₃, in this series of steps:(1) Cl₂ + FeCl₃(or Cl⁺FeCl₄⁻)(2) C₆H₆ + Cl⁺FeCl₄⁻ ⇄ C₆H₆Cl⁺ + FeCl₄⁻(3) C₆H₆Cl⁺ ⇄ C₆H₅Cl⁺ + H⁺(4) H⁺ + FeCl₄⁻ ⇄ HCl + FeCl₃(a) Which of the step(s) is (are) Lewis acid-base reactions?

Respuesta :

The following reaction are Lewis acid-base reactions:

(2) C₆H₆ + Cl⁺FeCl₄⁻ ⇄ C₆H₆Cl⁺ + FeCl₄⁻

The Lewis acid is Cl⁺FeCl₄⁻ and the Lewis base is C₆H₅.

(4) H⁺ + FeCl₄⁻ ⇄ HCl + FeCl₃

The Lewis acid is H⁺ and the Lewis base is FeCl₄⁻.

What is Lewis acid-base reaction?

  • A chemical species known as a Lewis acid has an empty orbital that can accept an electron pair from a Lewis base to produce a Lewis adduct.
  • According to the Lewis hypothesis of acid-base reactions, bases give away pairs of electrons while acids take them.
  • Therefore, anything that can accept a pair of nonbonding electrons, like the hydrogen ion, is a Lewis acid. In other words, an electron-pair acceptor is what a Lewis acid is.
  • A coordinate covalent bond is created when a Lewis acid and a Lewis base react. A covalent link that involves the exchange of an electron pair between two reactants is known as a coordinate covalent bond.

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