The bile salts emulsify fats in the duodenum.
Lipids are emulsified by bile salts in the small intestine. Bile salts are polar, water-soluble detergents that break down bigger fat molecules into smaller droplets.
Salts found in bile have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic sides. The hydrophobic side of the bile salts interacts with lipids, while the hydrophilic side interacts with water, emulsifying big lipid globules into smaller lipid globules.
Bile salts serve as necessary surfactants in the intestine, where they are required to liquefy dietary lipids in the hydrophilic environment of the gut. In the hepatocytes, cholesterol is converted into bile salts. The intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts carry bile salts from the liver into the bile and then to the intestine.
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