Injury localized to the hypothalamus would most likely disrupt regulation of water balance.
So, the correct option is D.
Hypothalamus:
- Deep inside the brain is a structure known as the hypothalamus. It serves as the primary connection between your neurological system and endocrine system.
- The hypothalamus maintains the body's balance in a steady condition known as homeostasis.
- Below the thalamus and above the pituitary gland is the hypothalamus, which is about the size of an almond.
- It is located near the base of the brain, directly above the brainstem.
- The peripheral nervous system, which also responds to signals from outside the body, as well as nerve cells in your brain and body, send chemical messages to the hypothalamus.
Functions of Hypothalamus:
- The primary function of the hypothalamus is to respond to these signals in order to maintain the body stability or in a condition of internal balance.
- The hypothalamus performs the same role in the body as the "smart control" system in our homes, which automatically changes the temperature, security, and other factors necessary for a comfortable living environment.
- It acts directly on the autonomic system to control your heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature as well as growth hormone deficiency
Hypothalamic Dysfunction:
- The hypothalamus doesn't work properly when it is injured.
- Injury to the head, including traumatic brain injury.
- Disease of the brain.
- Brain aneurysms or brain tumors in or around the hypothalamus.
- Significant weight loss brought on by anorexia or bulimia, two eating disorders.
- Brain surgery.
- Chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
- Birth abnormalities affecting the hypothalamus or brain.
- Inflammatory illnesses such neurosarcoidosis and multiple sclerosis.
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