Elements 104, 105, and 106 have been named rutherfordium (Rf), dubnium (Db), and seaborgium (Sg), respectively. These elements are synthesized from californium-249 by bombarding with carbon-12, nitrogen-15, and oxygen-18 nuclei, respectively. Four neutrons are formed in each reaction as well. (b) Write the equations in shorthand notation.

When subatomic particles are accelerated and shot into an element's nucleus, nuclear bombardment is achieved. This produces a brand-new isotope. In this reaction, neutrons can also be created. With a mass of 1 amu and no charge, neutrons.

After absorbing a C-12 nucleus, Californium-249 transforms into Rf-257 and four neutrons.

²⁴⁹Cf + ¹²C → 4 ¹₀n + ²⁵⁷ Rf

A N-15 nucleus is absorbed by Californium-249, which transforms into Db-260 and four neutrons.

²⁴⁹ Cf + ¹⁵ N → 4 ¹₀n + ²⁶⁰ Db

A O-18 nucleus is absorbed by Californium-249, which transforms into Sg-263 and four neutrons.

²⁴⁹ Cf +¹⁸ O → 4 ¹₀n + ²⁶³ Sg.

For each particular element, you may find the occupied electron orbitals by looking at electron configurations.You can write out the configurations for heavier elements more quickly by using shorthand notation for electron configurations. Because they take advantage of the entire outer electron shells that noble gases have, shorthand notations are sometimes referred to as "noble gas notation."

Shorthand equation of the given reactions is

[Rn]5f¹⁰ + [He]2s²2p² → [Rn]5f¹⁴6d²7s²
[Rn]5f¹⁰ + [He]2s²2p³ → [Rn]5f¹⁴6d³7s²
[Rn]5f¹⁰ + [He]2s²2p⁴ → [Rn]5f¹⁴6d⁴7s²

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