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At an air-water interface, fatty acids such as oleic acid lie in a one-molecule-thick layer (monolayer), with the heads in the water and the tails perpendicular .
What is monolayer?
A single layer of densely packed atoms, molecules, or cells is referred to as a monolayer. It is referred to as a self-assembled monolayer in some instances. 2D materials are typically described as monolayers of stacked crystals like graphene and molybdenum disulfide.
A one-molecule thick layer of an insoluble organic substance is known as a Langmuir monolayer or an insoluble monolayer when it is spread onto an aqueous subphase in a Langmuir-Blodgett trough. Amphiphilic compounds with a hydrophilic headgroup and a hydrophobic tail are typically employed to prepare Langmuir monolayers. Since the 1980s, a wide range of other materials, some of which are semi-amphiphilic, have been used to create Langmuir monolayers, including polymeric, ceramic, or metallic nanoparticles as well as macromolecules like polymers.
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