During collision, energy is transferred from one body to another and the forces are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction due to the law of action-reaction.
This is a process which involves two bodies exerting force on each other for a short period of time and of two types known ans elastic and inelastic collision.
The energy is transferred from one body to another with an action and corresponding reaction force which is why both bodies will experience some form of damage depending on the materials used.
This is therefore the reason why transfer of energy and reaction force was chosen as the most appropriate choice.
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