In the northern hemisphere, a magnetic compass will normally indicate a turn toward the north if an aircraft is decelerated while on an east or west heading. A magnetized needle that is permitted to rotate to align with the Earth's magnetic field makes up magnetic compasses. The ends are oriented toward magnetic north and south, respectively.
The date of the discovery of the principles underlying magnetic compasses is unknown to scientists and historians. A magnetic pointer that aligns with the Earth's magnetic field is used in a magnetic compass to determine direction on the surface of the planet during navigation or surveying.
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