Humans are able to produce 20 different amino acids, which have side chains with differing properties. The variation in amino acids' side chains allows the cell to form a wide variety of proteins because different side chains have different conformations and allow the proteins to achieve a great number of variations during protein folding.
Each amino acid is attached to a special chemical group at a position called its side chain. Amino acids can be organized in multiple different combinations, the human body can create thousands of distinct types of proteins from only the 21 amino acids. It is this side chain that makes every amino acid distinguishable from each other, giving each amino acid a special set of chemical properties.
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