pH falls at high carbon dioxide concentrations, and this has an impact on minute ventilation.
The pH level can affect the sensitivity of central chemoreceptors in the medulla. A lower pH affects ventilation mechanics and maintains optimum amounts of oxygen and carbon dioxide. An acid-base problem appears when ventilation is disturbed, and arterial PCO2 rises.
The amount of minute ventilation rises as PaCO2 rises. On a time scale of seconds, this is mediated by peripheral chemoreceptors, and on a time period of minutes, by central chemoreceptors.
By multiplying the tidal volume and respiratory rate, minute volume is determined. More carbon dioxide is removed from the blood, raising pH, and more carbon dioxide is retained by the patient, lowering pH, when minute volume is decreased.
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