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Meiosis may be a process used to create gametes, or sperm and eggs, which contain half the genetic material of the parent cells. This decrease in chromosome number is important because meiosis produces cells that will develop into gametes; otherwise, the union of two gametes during fertilization would end in children with double the typical number of chromosomes.
A single cell splits twice to create four daughter cells during meiosis. The genetic content in these daughter cells, also referred to as sex cells, is strictly half that of typical gametes. Meiosis leads to a haploid cell with half as many chromosomes, necessitating two divisions. In sexually reproducing organisms, meiosis may be a kind of cell division that results in a reduction in the number of chromosomes in gametes (the sex cells, or egg and sperm).
Body (or somatic) cells in humans are diploid, meaning they need two sets of chromosomes (one from each parent). They create gametes in humans, whereas they produce plant spores in plants. Meiosis may be a process that produces more sex cells, such the sperm and egg cells seen within the human body. Meiosis occurs within the testes and ovaries of males and females, respectively, within the primordial germ cells.
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