Dry ice sublimates when its molecules get enough thermal energy to the intermolecular holding the solid crystal together in some cases. This allows some molecules to transition directly into the vapor phase.
A substance can sublimate directly from its solid to it's own gaseous state without going through a liquid phase. Sublimation is the term most frequently used to describe the process through which snow and ice turn into water vapor in the air before even melting into liquid for those of us who is interested in the water cycle.
The sublimation procedure is used by chemists to clean up their substances. Typically, a solid is heated in a sublimation apparatus under vacuum. A non-volatile residue of impurities is left behind as the solid volatilizes and condenses as a refined chemical on a cooled surface (cold finger) at this lower pressure.
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