Transformers are used in electrical distribution systems to safely and efficiently increase or decrease voltage.
What is Transformer ?
A transformer is a passive component that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another, or from multiple circuits. A changing current in any of the transformer's coils causes a changing magnetic flux in the core, which induces a changing electromotive force (EMF) across any other coils wound around the same core. Without a metallic connection between the two circuits, electrical energy can be transferred between separate coils. Faraday's law of induction, discovered in 1831, describes the induced voltage effect in any coil caused by a changing magnetic flux that surrounds the coil.
Transformers are used to change AC voltage levels, with step-up and step-down transformers used to increase and decrease voltage levels, respectively. Transformers can also be used to provide galvanic isolation between circuits and to couple signal-processing circuit stages. Transformers have been essential for the transmission, distribution, and utilisation of alternating current electric power since the invention of the first constant-potential transformer in 1885.
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