Trial courts of limited jurisdiction, also known as subordinate or lower courts, have jurisdiction over a narrow range of cases, most of which involve minor civil and criminal disputes. They may also manage the initial phases of felony cases in several areas.
Because federal courts only have limited jurisdiction, they can only consider matters that are specifically allowed by the US Constitution or federal law. Any case originating under federal laws, the Constitution, or treaties must be filed with the federal district court.
Courts with universal jurisdiction have the authority to handle any case, unless a statute or constitutional clause prohibits it. Superior courts in California have broad legal authority. a small jurisdiction,
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