DNA helicase breaks hydrogen bonds between the two strands of DNA.
The molecular engines are DNA helicases. In order to access the genetic information, they move along the template double helix, break the hydrogen bonds between the two strands, and split the template chains through conformational changes brought on by ATP hydrolysis and binding. Because they split double-stranded DNA into single strands, allowing each strand to be duplicated, DNA helicases are crucial for DNA replication. DNA helicases unwind DNA at locations known as origins during DNA replication, where synthesis will begin. The hydrogen bonds that hold the two strands of double-stranded DNA together are broken by DNA helicases.
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