One advantage of a longitudinal design, as compared to a cross-sectional design, is that a longitudinal design is less susceptible to cohort effects.
What is cohort effects?
Cohort effects are study findings that happen as a result of the traits of the cohort being investigated. Any group of people with similar historical or social experiences, such as their year of birth, is referred to as a cohort. Researchers in disciplines including sociology, epidemiology, and psychology are concerned about cohort effects.
When examining how people evolve over time, a longitudinal research is the only approach to prevent cohort effects. In longitudinal studies, information is gathered over time from a single group of subjects.
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