The process of evolution causes a population's genetic makeup to change throughout time. A new species, changed genes, and unique features can arise as a result of an organism's adaptations to its environment.
Due to selection pressure, there is more genetic variety in the population.
Due to stochastic sampling error, smaller populations often experience a faster loss of genetic diversity than larger populations (i.e., genetic drift). This is because small populations increase the likelihood that certain gene variants may be lost by random chance.
A population or an allele may go extinct as a result of genetic drift.
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