12. An individual receives frequent injections of drugs, which are administered in a small examination room at a clinic. The drug itself causes increased heart rate, but after several trips to the clinic, simply being in a small room where the injections are given causes an increased heart rate.



Which conditioning phenomena describes the process of repeatedly pairing the clinic with the drug that causes an increase in heart rate?


After the treatment period is over, the individual returns several times to the clinic in which they do not receive injections, and their heart rate does not increase anymore at the sight of the clinic. Which conditioning phenomenon explains what has happened?


What conditioning phenomena would explain the fact that the individual started to experience an increased heart rate at other clinics and even the dentist and not only the clinic where the injections occurred?