Passing a reference to an argument in the calling function to the corresponding formal parameter of the called function is known as passing by reference (also known as passing by address).
The caller and the callee utilize the same variable for the argument so that a copy of the address of the real parameter is made in memory. The address of an argument is copied into the formal parameter when passing arguments to a function using the call by reference method. The address is used within the function to access the actual argument used during the call. It implies that the passed argument is impacted by modifications made to the parameter.
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