Types of stress and their faults:
• Tensional Stress
Tensional stress, sometimes referred to as extensional stress, pulls and stretches rocks. Where two tectonic plates are separating from one another, divergent plate borders are the location of this kind of stress. The mid-Atlantic ridge, where the plates that carry North and South America are moving west and the plates that transport Africa and Eurasia are migrating east, is a great example of tensional stress.
• Compressional stress
Rocks are compressed together by a stress known as compressional or compressive. At convergent plate borders, where two tectonic plates are smashing into one another, compressive stress, the reverse of tensional stress, occurs. Strong earthquakes frequently occur in regions of compressive stress, such as Chile, where the Nazca and South American plates are colliding, or close to Japan, where the Eurasian plate and Philippine plate are slamming into one another.
• Shear stress
Shear stress develops at boundaries when two plates are rolling past one another sideways, similar to opposing lanes of traffic on a freeway. The stress is caused by friction as the plates grind against one another. Transform faults, also known as strike-slip or slip-strike faults, are related to shear stress. The strike-slip fault in California known as the San Andreas may be the best-known illustration of shear stress.
Types of stress and their faults:
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