Before the U.S. Supreme Court will take a state court decision under review, three conditions must be met: A significant federal question must exist. It must be a genuine query. If the matter was previously resolved, there would be no doubt.
If a Justice concurs with the case's conclusion but not with the majority's reasoning, that Justice may write a concurring opinion. A separate dissenting opinion may be written by any Justice. The lower Court's judgment is upheld in the event of a tie vote.
The Court serves as both a protector and an interpreter of the Constitution since it is the ultimate arbitrator of law and is responsible for assuring that the American people get the promise of equal justice under the law. The "concept and function" of the Supreme Court, according to Chief Justice Charles Evans Hughes, "are basically American."
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