Liquids exert pressure that rises with depth. As a result, the walls are under increased pressure as the depth increases. Because of this, walls are built thicker at the bottom to withstand the pressure that water exerts.
With depth, the dam's water storage pressure rises. Therefore, the dam's bottom has been widened to accommodate the rise in water pressure.
The cause is that a liquid exerts more pressure the deeper it is. Consequently, the water's pressure on the dam's wall grows as the depth does. The thickness of the dam was increased toward the bottom since a thicker wall is needed to bear more pressure.
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