Better adapted individuals typically live longer and have more kids, whereas less well adapted individuals either pass away or have fewer offspring.
The ability of organisms to survive and reproduce—with a focus on "reproduce"—is a measure of their fitness. Fitness is officially defined as the average number of children that organisms with a certain genotype or phenotype produce relative to other members of the community.
According to the theory of natural selection, features that may be passed down enable animals to adapt to their environment more effectively than other members of their own species. Compared to other methods, this promotes improved survival and reproduction.
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