The identity used to simplify from step 4 to step 5 is the definition of the cosecant function: cosecant x = 1/sine x.
The connections between the sides and angles of triangles are the subject of the mathematical discipline of trigonometry. It is founded on the principles of right triangles, that are right angles. We can use trigonometry to calculate the lengths of the sides of a right triangle given the lengths of some or all of the other sides. It also enables us to determine the angle's size in a right triangle given its side tangent. In various disciplines, such as engineering, physics, and astronomy, trigonometry is utilised to solve issues involving triangles and the characteristics of circles. It is also used in navigation and surveying to estimate distances and angles between sites.
How to solve?
This identity allows us to rewrite the expression 1/sine x as cosecant x. Therefore, in step 4 we have 1/sine x + cosine x/sine x, and in step 5 we have cosecant x + cosine x/sine x = cosecant x + cotangent x.
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