another important aspect of meiosis and the sexual life cycle is the role these processes play in contributing to genetic variation. although offspring often resemble their parents, they are genetically different from both of their parents and from one another. the degree of variation may be tremendous.

Meiosis is a type of cell division that results in the formation of four gamete cells and a halving of the parent cell's chromosome count. In order to reproduce sexually, egg and sperm cells must be produced.

In sexually reproducing organisms, traits are passed down from one generation to the next through the processes of DNA replication, careful homolog pairing during crossing over, chromosome alignment and separation in meiosis I and II, and fertilization.

In contrast to offspring of asexual reproduction, offspring of sexual reproduction are genetically distinct from one another and from both of their parents. Some of the mechanisms that result in genetic variation include the production of recombinant chromosomes as a result of crossing over, the independent assortment of homologous chromosomes in meiosis I, the separation of sister chromatids (which are no longer identical due to crossing over) in meiosis II, and the haphazard fusion of male and female gametes during fertilization.

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