The HIV virus specifically targets a type of white blood cell called a CD4+ T cell, which is important for the body's immune system.
What is HIV virus?
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that attacks our immune system, the body’s natural defense against illness. HIV is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) and it can also be spread through contact with infected blood or from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. HIV weakens a person’s ability to fight infections and diseases, and without treatment, it can eventually lead to AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome).
HIV works by binding to proteins on the surface of these cells, known as CD4 and CCR5, that act as receptors for the virus. This allows the virus to enter inside the cell and infect it. Once inside, it uses the cell's machinery to replicate and spread throughout the body. By specifically targeting these specific types of white blood cells, HIV is able to spread more efficiently and cause more damage to the body's immune system.
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