How is blood flow related to lung function during exercise?
A. Blood vessels are dilated to increase the amount of oxygen carried in the blood, and the lungs work harder to meet the body's oxygen demands.
B. Blood volume increases during exercise, making the body more efficient, so it is not necessary for the lungs to work as hard.
C. The lungs determine the speed at which the heart pumps, so blood flows at a level that accommodates oxygen absorption in the muscles.
D. The lungs expand and contract, which increases the rate of blood flow so the muscles can convert stored energy to energy for muscle movement.

The blood flow to lung function during exercise is option A. blood vessels are dilated to increase the amount of oxygen carried in the blood, and the lungs work harder to meet the body's oxygen demands.

How is blood flow related to lung function during exercise?

During exercise, cardiac output and pulmonary blood flow increases while pulmonary vascular resistance decreases. This increases the amount of the lung that is perfused which decreases physiologic dead space. These changes increase oxygen delivery to exercising tissues. In the tissues, as a result of increased acid production and temperature, the hemoglobin’s affinity for oxygen decreases to increase the delivery of oxygen to tissue in need.

FIGURE 1. Exercise improves cardiovascular health by inducing changes in oxygen delivery, vasculature, peripheral tissues, and inflammation.

(A) Exercise improves oxygen delivery throughout the body through the promotion of vasodilation and angiogenesis.

(B) Exercise increases mitochondrial biogenesis in adipocytes, skeletal muscle myotubes, and cardiomyocytes.

(C) Exercise causes a long-term anti-inflammatory effect (which is inversely related to the increased inflammation typically seen in CVD and obesity). Myokines released from skeletal muscle during physical exercise partially mediate these anti-inflammatory effects, and promote inter-tissue cross-talk to mediate further cardiovascular benefits.

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