Correct answer: B. Jean-Jacques Rousseau's Social Contract persuaded them to view practices like inherited privilege and absolute monarchy as irrational.
Further detail:
Enlightenment thinkers promoted the idea of the rights of citizens and the people's authority to create--and to change--their own governments. The works of Enlightenment philosophers such as John Locke, Baron de Montesquieu, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau were read by leaders of the revolution movements in both America and France. The French Revolution sought to put those Enlightenment ideas into practice in creating a government based on the rights of man and of citizens. Rousseau had argued for the equality of all men and for a government based on the sovereignty of the people. Any ruling officer (like a monarch) was to be seen as a servant carrying out the will of the people, not a lord over the people. The people themselves were always to remain the supreme authority.
