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Small molecules are able to pass through a cell membrane because the membrane itself is semipermeable. Larger molecules require the cell expend energy to transport the molecules across the cell membrane, usually by engulfing them.

Small molecules such as oxygen and carbon dioxide move through the cell membrane by simple diffusion.

Cell Membrane:

It is a selective permeable membrane around cytoplasm of a cell. The transport through membrane is occur by 3 processes,

  • Diffusion
  • Osmosis
  • Selective transport.

Diffusion allows small neutral molecules to pass through membrane from their higher concentration to lower concentration. For example - Oxygen and Carbon dioxide.

Therefore, small molecules such as oxygen and carbon dioxide move through the cell membrane by simple diffusion.

To know more about Diffusion,

https://brainly.com/question/1594190