1. The Spoils system is a model for setting up civil offices where employees are replaced by individuals chosen by the party that wins the election. This type of system does not take into account the capacity of individuals, but their connection with the party. President Garfield was murdered by a civil servant just for this cause. When Arthur, the vice president, took over, he chose not to keep that system, opting to sign the Pendleton Act of 1883, which ensured the insertion of the merit-charge model.
2. I think you get 35% by first adding up everyone that was surveyed so
190+135+220= 545
Next you would divide 190 by the total number of people surveyed so
190/545= 0.348...
Since there is an 8 next to the 4 you would round up therefore getting 35%
I think that is how they got 35% but correct me if I'm wrong