The correct answer is B.
Locke, Monstequieu and Rosseau were Enlightment psylosophers, whose ideas challenged and ended up tumbling the power structures of the Old Regime.
They promoted democratic principles, such as the definitions of bills of citizens' rights, universal suffrage, social contract (citizens electing political representatives to form a goverment through suffrage, in opposition to the prevailing absolut monarchies), and the division of the powers of the state in order to avoid excessive power accumulation in certain sectors, and therefore authoritarist risks.
These ideas challenged the status quo, and gave rise to many revolutions in Europe, being the French Revolution the most remarkable one, and also to the American Revolution.
