Answer: With profits from the oil industry.
Explanation:
The Shah of Iran applied a systematic program of modernization, but he found strong opposition from the clerics who had been losing strength and power as Iran grew further secular and liberal. The oil boom of the ’60s and ’70s, particularly following the oil crisis that developed after the October war of 1973 between Arab states and Israel, gave the Shah a large number of profits for structural investments and military modernization.
