Respuesta :
Answer:
The charge on one electron is approximately \( -1.602 \times 10^{-19} \) C.
To find the number of electrons removed, divide the total charge given by the charge of one electron:
\[ \text{Number of electrons} = \frac{\text{Total charge}}{\text{Charge of one electron}} \]
\[ \text{Number of electrons} = \frac{4 \times 10^{-9}}{1.602 \times 10^{-19}} \]
Now, to find the percent of atoms ionized, you need to relate the number of electrons removed to the number of atoms in the penny. The penny's mass can be used to find the number of copper atoms (assuming the penny is pure copper).
\[ \text{Number of atoms} = \frac{\text{Mass of penny}}{\text{Atomic mass of copper}} \]
Once you have the number of atoms, you can calculate the percentage of ionized atoms.
\[ \text{Percent ionized} = \left( \frac{\text{Number of electrons}}{\text{Number of atoms}} \right) \times 100 \]
These calculations require the atomic mass of copper and may involve constants like Avogadro's number. Ensure you use accurate values for precision in your calculations.
