Answer: 250 ml
Explanation:
According to the dilution law,
[tex]M_1V_1=M_2V_2[/tex]
where,
[tex]M_1[/tex] = molarity of stock [tex]HNO_3[/tex] solution = 16 M
[tex]V_1[/tex] = volume of stock [tex]HNO_3[/tex] solution = ?
[tex]M_2[/tex] = molarity of diluted [tex]HNO_3[/tex] solution = 2.00 M
[tex]V_2[/tex] = volume of diluted [tex]HNO_3[/tex] solution = 2.00 L
[tex]16\times V_1=2\times 2[/tex]
[tex]V_1=0.25L=250ml[/tex] (Conversion factor: 1L=1000ml)
Therefore, 250 ml of concentrated nitric acid should be diluted with water.
Taking into account the definition of dilution, 250 mL of concentrated nitric acid 16 M should be diluted with water in order to make 2.00 L of 2.00 M solution.
Dilution is the process of reducing the concentration of solute in solution, which is accomplished by simply adding more solvent to the solution at the same amount of solute.
In a dilution the amount of solute does not change, but as more solvent is added, the concentration of the solute decreases, as the volume (and weight) of the solution increases.
A dilution is mathematically expressed as:
Ci×Vi = Cf×Vf
where
In this case, you know:
Replacing:
16 M× Vi= 2 M× 2 L
Solving:
[tex]Vi=\frac{2 Lx 2 M}{16 M}[/tex]
Vi= 0.25 L= 250 mL (being 1 L= 1000 mL)
In summary, 250 mL of concentrated nitric acid 16 M should be diluted with water in order to make 2.00 L of 2.00 M solution.
Learn more about dilution:
