Answer/Explanation:
The shaded soil area beneath a tree is expected to be rich in organic matter for the following reasons:
1. **Leaf litter**: Trees shed leaves, branches, and other organic material that falls to the ground and decomposes over time. This process adds organic matter to the soil.
2. **Root exudates**: Trees release substances through their roots that contribute to the organic content of the soil. These root exudates include sugars, organic acids, and enzymes that enrich the soil.
3. **Microbial activity**: The shaded environment under a tree provides a suitable habitat for microorganisms like fungi and bacteria. These microorganisms break down organic matter, further enriching the soil.
4. **Nutrient cycling**: As organic matter decomposes, nutrients are released into the soil, making it more fertile and nutrient-rich. This cycle of decomposition and nutrient release benefits the growth of plants in the area.
5. **Moisture retention**: The canopy of the tree provides shade, which helps retain moisture in the soil. Moist soil promotes the activity of soil organisms that break down organic matter, leading to increased organic content.
Overall, the combination of leaf litter, root exudates, microbial activity, nutrient cycling, and moisture retention in the shaded soil area beneath a tree creates a favorable environment for the accumulation of organic matter, making it rich in nutrients essential for plant growth.
